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Compare Marshall Islands (2002) - Europa Island (2004)

Compare Marshall Islands (2002) z Europa Island (2004)

 Marshall Islands (2002)Europa Island (2004)
 Marshall IslandsEuropa Island
Administrative divisions 33 municipalities; Ailinginae, Ailinglaplap, Ailuk, Arno, Aur, Bikar, Bikini, Bokak, Ebon, Enewetak, Erikub, Jabat, Jaluit, Jemo, Kili, Kwajalein, Lae, Lib, Likiep, Majuro, Maloelap, Mejit, Mili, Namorik, Namu, Rongelap, Rongrik, Toke, Ujae, Ujelang, Utirik, Wotho, Wotje -
Age structure 0-14 years: 49.1% (male 18,443; female 17,704)


15-64 years: 48.9% (male 18,347; female 17,628)


65 years and over: 2% (male 720; female 788) (2002 est.)
-
Agriculture - products coconuts, tomatoes, melons, taro, breadfruit, fruits; pigs, chickens -
Airports 17 (2001) 1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
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Airports - with unpaved runways total: 11


914 to 1,523 m: 10


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 181.3 sq km


land: 181.3 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the atolls of Bikini, Enewetak, Kwajalein, Majuro, Rongelap, and Utirik
total: 28 sq km


land: 28 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about the size of Washington, DC about 0.16 times the size of Washington, DC
Background After almost four decades under US administration as the easternmost part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, the Marshall Islands attained independence in 1986 under a Compact of Free Association. Compensation claims continue as a result of US nuclear testing on some of the atolls between 1947 and 1962. The Marshall Islands have been home to the US Army Base Kwajalein (USAKA) since 1964. A French possession since 1897, the island is heavily wooded; it is the site of a small military garrison that staffs a weather station.
Birth rate 44.98 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Budget revenues: $42 million


expenditures: $40 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999)
-
Capital Majuro -
Climate wet season from May to November; hot and humid; islands border typhoon belt tropical
Coastline 370.4 km 22.2 km
Constitution 1 May 1979 -
Country name conventional long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands


conventional short form: Marshall Islands


former: Marshall Islands District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Europa Island


local long form: none


local short form: Ile Europa
Currency US dollar (USD) -
Death rate 6.07 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Debt - external $86.5 million -
Dependency status - possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Michael J. SENKO


embassy: Oceanside, Mejen Weto, Long Island, Majuro


mailing address: P. O. Box 1379, Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands 96960-1379


telephone: [692] 247-4011


FAX: [692] 247-4012
-
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Banny DE BRUM


chancery: 2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 234-5414


FAX: [1] (202) 232-3236


consulate(s) general: Honolulu
-
Disputes - international claims US territory of Wake Island claimed by Madagascar
Economic aid - recipient approximately $39 million annually from the US -
Economy - overview US Government assistance is the mainstay of this tiny island economy. Agricultural production is primarily subsistence and is concentrated on small farms; the most important commercial crops are coconuts and breadfruit. Small-scale industry is limited to handicrafts, tuna processing, and copra. The tourist industry, now a small source of foreign exchange employing less than 10% of the labor force, remains the best hope for future added income. The islands have few natural resources, and imports far exceed exports. Under the terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US provides roughly $39 million in annual aid. Negotiations have continued for an extended agreement. Government downsizing, drought, a drop in construction, the decline in tourism and foreign investment due to the Asian financial difficulties, and less income from the renewal of fishing vessel licenses have held GDP growth to an average of 1% over the past decade. no economic activity
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 99%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 1% (solar)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Likiep 10 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 24 m
Environment - current issues inadequate supplies of potable water; pollution of Majuro lagoon from household waste and discharges from fishing vessels NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
-
Ethnic groups Micronesian -
Exchange rates the US dollar is used -
Executive branch chief of state: President Kessai Hesa NOTE (since 3 January 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Kessai Hesa NOTE (since 3 January 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet selected by the president from among the members of Parliament


elections: president elected by Parliament from among its own members for a four-year term; election last held 15 November 1999 (next to be held NA November 2003)


election results: Kessai Hesa NOTE elected president; percent of Parliament vote - 100%
-
Exports $9 million f.o.b. (2000) -
Exports - commodities copra cake, coconut oil, handicrafts -
Exports - partners US, Japan, Australia -
Fiscal year 1 October - 30 September -
Flag description blue with two stripes radiating from the lower hoist-side corner - orange (top) and white; there is a white star with four large rays and 20 small rays on the hoist side above the two stripes the flag of France is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $115 million (2001 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 14%


industry: 16%


services: 70% (2000 est.)
-
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2001 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 1% (2001 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 9 00 N, 168 00 E 22 20 S, 40 22 E
Geography - note two archipelagic island chains of 30 atolls and 1,152 islands; Bikini and Enewetak are former US nuclear test sites; Kwajalein, the famous World War II battleground, is now used as a US missile test range wildlife sanctuary
Highways total: NA km


paved: 64.5 km


unpaved: NA km


note: paved roads on major islands (Majuro, Kwajalein), otherwise stone-, coral-, or laterite-surfaced roads and tracks (2002)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
-
Imports $54 million f.o.b. (2000) -
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels, beverages and tobacco -
Imports - partners US, Japan, Australia, NZ, Singapore, Fiji, China, Philippines -
Independence 21 October 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries copra, fish, tourism, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls -
Infant mortality rate 38.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.9% (1999 est.) -
International organization participation ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IMF, IMO, Interpol, ITU, OPCW (signatory), Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2002) -
Irrigated land 0 sq km 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; High Court -
Labor force 28,698 -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 21%, industry 21%, services 58% -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 16.67%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 83.33% (1998 est.)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (mangrove forests and woodlands) (2001)
Languages English (widely spoken as a second language, both English and Marshallese are official languages), two major Marshallese dialects from the Malayo-Polynesian family, Japanese -
Legal system based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament or Nitijela (33 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 15 November 1999 (next to be held NA November 2003)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA


note: the Council of Chiefs is a 12-member body that advises on matters affecting customary law and practice
-
Life expectancy at birth total population: 66.18 years


male: 64.35 years


female: 68.09 years (2002 est.)
-
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 93.7%


male: 93.6%


female: 93.7% (1999)
-
Location Oceania, group of atolls and reefs in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from southern Madagascar to southern Mozambique
Map references Oceania Africa
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 24 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: 270 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 11,807,839 GRT/19,332,014 DWT


ships by type: bulk 82, cargo 14, chemical tanker 24, combination ore/oil 4, container 46, liquefied gas 8, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, petroleum tanker 88, vehicle carrier 3


note: the ship's register of the Marshall Islands is a flag of convenience register since essentially none of the vessels on it is owned domestically, includes the following foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: China 1, Cyprus 1, Denmark 9, Germany 70, Greece 54, Hong Kong 2, Japan 4, Monaco 8, Netherlands 8, Norway 10, Poland 16, Singapore 1, Turkey 6, United Kingdom 3, United States 87, Uruguay 1 (2002 est.)
-
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the US defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches no regular military forces; Police Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday Constitution Day, 1 May (1979) -
Nationality noun: Marshallese (singular and plural)


adjective: Marshallese
-
Natural hazards infrequent typhoons NA
Natural resources coconut products, marine products, deep seabed minerals NEGL
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Political parties and leaders traditionally there have been no formally organized political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures; the following two "groupings" have competed in legislative balloting in recent years - Kabua Party [Imata KABUA] and United Democratic Party or UDP [Litokwa TOMEING] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 73,630 (July 2002 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: there is a small French military garrison and a few meteorologists; visited by scientists (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 3.89% (2002 est.) -
Ports and harbors Majuro none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 1, shortwave 0


note: additionally, the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Services (Central Pacific Network) operate one FM and one AM station on Kwajalein (2002)
-
Radios NA -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Christian (mostly Protestant) -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female


total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
-
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: digital switching equipment; modern services include telex, cellular, internet, international calling, caller ID, and leased data circuits


domestic: Majuro Atoll and Ebeye and Kwajalein islands have regular, seven-digit, direct-dial telephones; other islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes)


international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); US Government satellite communications system on Kwajalein (2001)
-
Telephones - main lines in use 4,186 (2001) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 489 (2001) -
Television broadcast stations 2 (both are US military stations) (2002) -
Terrain low coral limestone and sand islands low and flat
Total fertility rate 6.49 children born/woman (2002 est.) -
Unemployment rate 30.9% (1999 est.) -
Waterways none -
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